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• Vol.45 No.2
• CLINICA NEUROL, 45: 89−95, 2005
• Vol.45 No.2 contents

Original Article

Clinical investigation of the 8 cases with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) -associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

Noritoshi Arai, M.D.¹⁾²⁾, Shuji Kishida, M.D.¹⁾, Asako Yoritaka, M.D.¹⁾ and Keiko Ohta, M.D.¹⁾

¹⁾Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital
²⁾Department of Neurology, University of Tokyo Hospital

We experienced 8 cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) complicated by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type-1 infection from 1985 to 1999. These cases showed dementia, bradykinesia, dysarthria, hemiparesis, and so on. All of the cases were severely immunocompromised hosts, because none had more than 150/mm³ CD4+lymphocytes; indeed, 5 of the cases were below 20/mm³. Other neurological complications except PML were primary CNS lymphoma, HIV encephalitis, and CMV encephalitis. The mean life durations was 7.6 months after the first symptom appeared, for all but one of the patients; the exceptional patient lived for 24 months after. Autopsy studies of the central nervous systems were performed for 7 cases, all of which showed extensive demyelinating lesions of the white matter, and in some cases these extended into the spinal cord. In contrast to Western countries, in Japan there have been few reports of AIDS-associated PML. Thus, this report was thought to be important here.

(CLINICA NEUROL, 45: 89−95, 2005)
key words: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), JCV

(Received: 20-Apr-04)